Constellation girl mourning her father _ mourning her father's circle of friends sentence

The legend of Meng Jiangnv is widely circulated among the people in the form of oral inheritance. It was not until the early 20th century that she was brought into the researchers' field of vision under the impetus of the May 4th Movement. Gu Jiegang, a famous historian in China, traced the original form of Meng Jiangnv's legend back to a story in Zuo Zhuan. Zuo Zhuan tells this story to praise Qi Liang's wife (that is, Meng Jiangnv of later generations) for being able to handle things with courtesy and not being confused, which is admirable.

In Zuo Zhuan, Qi Liang's wife, who didn't cry, infected the atmosphere of the music scene at that time during the Warring States Period and added a sob story. This is a very important change, and the variation of the story about Qi Liang's wife in later generations was born along this "crying sorrow".

The first person to describe the city collapse was Liu Xiang in the late Western Han Dynasty. He first recounted the story of Qi Liang's wife in Zuo Zhuan in The Legend of Woman, and then he wrote: Qi Liang's wife had no children and her family had no relatives, so she became a lonely person after her husband died. Qi Liang's wife "cried on her husband's body at the gate", crying her eyes out, and passers-by were all moved. Ten days later, "the city collapsed." Relevant records in the Tang Dynasty greatly changed the story of Qi Liang's wife. Qi Liang changed from Qi people in the Spring and Autumn Period to Yan people in the Qin Dynasty. Qi Liang's wife's name appeared. Her surname is Meng Zhongmingzi or Meng Mingjiang. Qi Liang's death was not in the battle, but was built in the city wall after being arrested from prison, so his wife wanted to cry about the city; There are too many dead bodies in the city wall, which can only be distinguished by blood dripping to recognize bones. The story of Qi Liang's wife was handled during the Six Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties, which linked the city collapse with Qin Shihuang. This is no small creation.

In the Yuan Dynasty, China's folk operas were very developed, and many works of zaju masters and celebrities appeared. Stories with vitality and creative space like Meng Jiangnv naturally become the source of opera creation. From Fan Xilang, Fan Shirang, Fan, Fan Xilang to Fan Qiliang, Fan and Wan Xiliang, there are many variants of Fan Lang's name, and the story is full of twists and turns. Other characters related to them, such as Fan Lang's mother, also appear in the play, which makes the story increasingly full.

Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the story of Meng Jiangnv has been developing and evolving among the people. Oral legends all over the world say that Meng Jiangnv was born of gourd. Gourd (or melon) is called "Meng Jiangnv" because it is related to two Meng Jiangnv families living next door. The story of Meng Jiangnv has not only been circulated for a long time, but also been widely influenced by the region. According to local folk customs and people's different interest orientations, this story has been transformed in various ways in different places, which makes the legend of Meng Jiangnv present an extremely strong regional color.

Meng Jiangnv is not surnamed Meng, and "Meng" refers to the eldest of brothers and sisters; Jiang is his family name. "Meng Jiangnv" actually means "Jiang's parents and daughters"; In addition, Meng Jiangnv is not just a person, but a general term for a class of people. According to Mao Zhuan: "Jiang Meng, the eldest daughter of Qi." According to Chen Huanchuan, The Clan's Wife and other documents, in the pre-Qin period, it was generally called the eldest daughter of the monarch of the State of Qi, and also referred to the clan women. In other words, many aristocratic women in Qi at that time could be called "Jiang Meng". In addition to documentary evidence, there is also a cultural relic Jiang Meng pot as evidence (this pot was jointly cast by Jiang Guangzhi's eldest daughter and her husband Tian Wuyu in the Spring and Autumn Period to commemorate Tian Wuyu's father Tian).

After investigation, in February 2007, CCTV 10 said that Meng Jiangnv was the wife of a general in Qi State. When the Great Wall was built in Qin Dynasty, she had been dead for hundreds of years.

Jiang Meng's husband Qi Liang was a doctor of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period.

The story of Qi Liang's wife was first recorded in the twenty-three years of "Xianggong" in "Xin Shi Zuo Zhuan". In the autumn of the twenty-second year of Zhou Lingwang (four years, 550 years before), Jiang defeated Wei and Jin Dynasties and won. In the first 549 years, Duke Zhuang of Qi returned to Li, but did not return to Linzi, the capital of Qi State, and then raided Ju State. In the battle with Ju, Qi's generals Qi Liang and Zhou Hua died heroically and died for their country. Later, the State of Qi made peace and went on strike, and the Qi people carried Qi Liang's body back to Linzi. Qi Liang's wife cried and greeted her husband's coffin on the road in the suburbs. Qi Zhuang sent condolences. Qi Liang's wife thought that her husband had made meritorious service to the country, so Qi Zhuang sent people to the suburbs to mourn, which was sincere and hasty, and lacked respect for the martyrs, so she refused to go to the suburbs of Qi Zhuang Gong to mourn. Later, Qi Zhuanggong personally went to Qi Liang's home and buried Qi Liang in the suburbs of Qi Du. (The tomb of Qi Liang is in the east of Langjia Village, Qidu Town, Linzi District, Zibo City, Shandong Province). It should be said that this story is clearly recorded in Zuo Zhuan, and it is a true story. Although there are no subsequent plots such as "crying", "city collapse" and "splashing water", which mainly show Qi Liang's wife's heroic character, the main framework of her opposition to war and love for her husband has loomed.

Ceng Zi's words in Talking about Gong in the Book of Rites added the plot of "crying her husband". Ceng Zi said that Qi Liang's wife "cried"; In Mencius of the Warring States Period, Chunyu Kun was quoted as saying that "the wife of Qi Liang in Zhou Hua cried her husband and changed the national style"; The historical fact that "Qi Liang's wife refused to mourn in the suburbs" in Zuo Zhuan turned into "Qi Liang's wife cried her husband", and the focus of the story shifted.

The increase of the plot of "city collapse" is in Liu Xiang's "Shuo Yuan" in the Western Han Dynasty; The story of "splashing water" has been added to Biography of Women. The story of Qi Liang's wife spread to the Han Dynasty, and crying her husband, collapsing the city and drowning became a series.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Wang Chong's Lun Heng and Han Danchun's Cao E Bei were further romanticized, saying that the wife of Qi Liang collapsed in tears in Cheng Qi, five feet in tears. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times continued to exaggerate, saying that the whole city of Qi was "depressed by emotion". By the time of the Western Jin Dynasty, the story of Qi Liang's wife had gone out of the scope of historical facts and evolved into a literary work with "three points of truth and seven points of emptiness".

If the story of Qi Liang's wife is polished on the basis of historical facts from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Western Jin Dynasty, it will be beyond recognition in terms of the poem "The Wife of Qi Liang" written by Guan Xiu, a monk in the Tang Dynasty. In this poem, Guan Xiu moved the events in the Spring and Autumn Period to Qin, the events in Linzi to the inside and outside of the Great Wall, grafted the "city" to the "Great Wall", and then directly defined the "Great Wall" as "Qin Changcheng". After the adjustment of Guanxiu, the story of Qi Liang's wife began to approach the legend of "Meng Jiangnu cried at the Great Wall".

In the Ming Dynasty, the Ming government overhauled the Great Wall to prevent the invasion of Vara, which aroused people's resentment. In order to vent their secrets to the feudal rulers, the common people changed Qi Liang's wife to "Meng Jiangnu" and Qi Liang to "Wan Xiliang" (or Fan Xiliang), adding the plots of getting married, loving husband and wife, sending cold clothes thousands of miles away, and creating a brand-new legend of "Meng Jiangnu crying at the Great Wall".

From the story of Qi Liang's wife to the last legend of Meng Jiangnu, there are more than two thousand years. It is no accident that a story can be loved by the people for a long time and constantly transformed and processed. The main reason is that this story represents the common aspiration of all mankind and expresses the truest aspiration of the working people. That is: longing for peace, pursuing stability, and longing for happiness and peace in family life.

According to research, Meng Jiangnv is from Changde, Hunan.