What are the Spring Festival customs in Shanxi?

Shanxi, known as the "cradle of Chinese civilization", has a long history of development and profound cultural heritage, which can be seen from how to celebrate the Spring Festival in various parts of Shanxi. All parts of Shanxi, whether urban or rural, are filled with a strong flavor of the year. Now let's take a look at how the Spring Festival is celebrated in all parts of Shanxi and experience the colorful customs.

First, the southern suburbs of Taiyuan-two months after the New Year, every household in the southern suburbs of Taiyuan began to enter the preparation process for the New Year. On this day, every household will fry corn, wheat, sorghum, soybeans, melon seeds and so on. Put it in a pot to pray for a bumper harvest next year without pests. After the grain is fried, the children fill their small pockets, and then the whole village visits each other to exchange and taste which mother's cooking is the best. The fried grain is fragrant and crisp ... the smell of fried grain and the children's laughter echoed over the village, gently kicking off the new year.

On the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, the climax of the New Year is brewing to the extreme. On the afternoon of New Year's Eve, the host of the family will carry a big broom and carefully clean the yard in front of the house. In the room behind him, ingenious women will use colorful papers such as pink, gold, green, sky blue and deep purple to cut out five-color papers with ears, which are shaped like a blooming flower. Jiaozi was not eaten on New Year's Eve, but jiaozi wrapped it up and cooked it on the morning of New Year's Eve. This is called "eating rice every year", which means eating enough and wearing warm clothes year after year.

On the first day of the first month, the real New Year came. All day, the villagers will walk around and pay New Year greetings to people. On the second day of the first month, in our place, it is the day when wanderers go home to worship their ancestors. The third day of the first month is the day when married daughters return to their parents' homes. On the fifth day of the first month, also known as "Breaking Five", people set off a lot of fireworks to show that many taboos were broken during the New Year in China. There is a saying in my hometown that "Chinese New Year is celebrated before the first month". Throughout the first month, every household will keep visiting relatives or entertaining relatives and friends, and there will be laughter everywhere.

Second, Hexi, Taiyuan-The full taste of Yangjiaozi brings up the Spring Festival. What the old lady remembers most is the claw on the first day of the New Year's Day.

For this jiaozi, people often start to prepare for it six months in advance. In the hot summer of July, people with financial ability will start to choose sheep. Don't be picky when choosing sheep. According to the older generation of Taiyuan people, this kind of sheep should not be fat, thin, young or old, but should choose a "shelf sheep" whose bones have just grown out and whose body has not yet begun to gain weight. When choosing sheep, you should circle a sheepfold in the yard that is only enough for one sheep. After the "shelf sheep" come in, just feed them delicious and delicious. In this way, until New Year's Eve. Half a year ago, the "shelf sheep" has grown fat and strong, so it's time for people to sharpen their knives. When the sheep is slaughtered, the mutton will be picked out, and the head, hoof and sheepskin will be placed separately.

On New Year's Eve, sheep's head, sheep's hoof and sheepskin became the protagonists of the night. The elders at home will take out a sacrificial tray, arrange the sheep's head and four sheep's hoofs like a whole sheep, and then cover the sacrificial tray with the whole sheepskin, leaving only the sheep's head and four sheep's hoofs exposed. Then, it is a ceremony to worship the god of heaven and earth. After the simple ceremony, the sacrificial plates will remain in the shrine until the end of the whole New Year.

The mutton that has been picked will be served at the end of the year. At this time, someone has chopped the mutton and added the seasoning. So on New Year's Eve, the whole family sat around the hot kang, happily wrapping mutton jiaozi. The first meal of the New Year is jiaozi, a kind of mutton stuffing with hometown flavor.

Third, Zuo Quan-tofu heart and noodles tea-you should observe the Spring Festival, eat jiaozi and shoot. My hometown is at the junction of Shanxi and Hebei, and the custom of Spring Festival is almost the same as that of most northern areas. But there are two habits that are rarely seen elsewhere.

One is to eat brains before dawn on New Year's Day. Brain is a famous food in Shanxi, which is made of astragalus, mutton, long yam, yellow wine and so on. It is said that it was invented by Fu Shan and regarded as a nourishing food. But my hometown's mind is very simple, that is, stir-fry tofu and vermicelli, and sprinkle chopped green onion when eating. But why eat like this? Grandparents can't tell the difference. There are few customs of eating fried tofu on major festivals in other places. It seems that only Sunan people have the habit of eating green onions and fried tofu on the solstice in winter, but it should be just a coincidence that one is in Sunan and the other is in Jinzhong.

The other is drinking tea on the morning of the second day of the lunar new year. The habit of drinking morning tea in Guangdong is also called morning tea in Zuo Quan, but it is only enjoyed on the second day of the Lunar New Year. Tea is not a tea market in Guangdong, but a kind of "noodle tea" made by mixing millet flour and corn flour. Boiled with water, it smells special all over the house. In the noodle tea, you need to cook vegetarian jiaozi and tofu strips. In short, they are all vegetarian, and there is absolutely no meat. Asked many people, I only know that there is such a way to stir-fry noodle tea in Hebei, but no one can tell the origin and stress of drinking noodle tea in the first month.

4. Yuxian —— On the morning of the first day of Shen Nian's New Year's Day, every household will hold a ceremony to greet God. It is about five o'clock in the morning. Before dawn, people order grass from last year, which was prepared in the yard one day in advance. In fact, it is the straw of some crops. This is different from many places in Shanxi. Yuxian county is also a coal-producing county, but it is not burning coal, but burning grass. I hope that through this ceremony,

This pile of grass can burn for about half an hour. During this half hour, the whole family has to get up, put on new clothes and hats, and then loudly say "Happy New Year" to their elders, as if the fortune of the new year was in the blessing before the first sunshine. Everyone who receives the blessing will have a good mood and good luck for a year.

Then the adult men in the family began to set off firecrackers, almost at the same time. In a flash, the golden snake danced wildly, the silver tongue danced, and there was a silver flower of the fire tree. So the first light of the new year came, everything was completely new, and new hopes filled people's faces.

At dawn, the family went out in droves to pay New Year greetings to their families and walked down the street. No matter who you meet, it is a three-word greeting "Happy New Year". Originally, the younger generation should kowtow to their elders during the New Year call. Now the custom has changed, and this kind of bow-down ceremony is omitted, but there is no shortage of New Year's greetings, and the villagers' days are getting more and more prosperous. The blessing at this time is the most timely and powerful.

At the end of eight o'clock, people who went out to pay New Year greetings came back one after another. At home, they have boiled potatoes and tofu, cooked steaming jiaozi and, of course, all kinds of dishes. The first meal in the new year is ready, and with everyone's sincere wishes, the appetite for eating will of course be particularly good.

5. Xiangning-Ziziphus jujuba Buns send friends and relatives to Xiangning for the Spring Festival, which inherits the warm and rich style of Jinnan. According to the traditional custom of Xiangning, cooking with fire is forbidden from the first day to the fifth day of the first month, so people should prepare pasta before the Spring Festival. But now the custom of "cooking without fire" has changed, but the custom of preparing pasta many years ago has remained.

Steaming "jujube buns" is the happiest thing for every household. During the Spring Festival, steamed jujube steamed bread is not only for your own consumption, but also the main gift when visiting relatives and friends in the first month of the new year. So when steaming steamed bread, the amount is much more than usual. In rural areas, neighbors, three or five partners, help each other, often a family has to steam all day until dark, and an average of more than 20 jujube buns will be steamed per household/kloc-0. There are two kinds of jujube steamed buns, namely "big steamed buns" and "small steamed buns". "Big steamed bread" is for relatives and friends who are older than themselves, and "small steamed bread" is for relatives and friends of the same generation. Jujube steamed stuffed bun looks like a handful of gold "Ruyi" and tastes delicious. "Jujube steamed stuffed bun" is closest to the "year" of Xiangning people. Everyone has dates and flour, and making jujube buns is the most common but also the most delicious.

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