Constellation search method in summer starry sky

At eight or nine o'clock in the summer evening, facing south, at an altitude of about 40 degrees, it is easy to see an orange bright star, accompanied by a small star on its left and right sides, forming an arc-shaped feature, which is the alpha star (Antares) representing the heart of Scorpio.

The bright star Antares, commonly known as Fire, is an orange-red giant with a magnitude ranging from 0.9 to 1.8.

The period of 4.7 years repeatedly changes its luminosity. The volume of a star is about 230 times that of the sun, and the surface temperature is about 3000 degrees. Spectral analysis belongs to M-type (aged star), which is about 500 light years away from the Earth.

According to the radian characteristics of Antares and the small stars on both sides, we can find four small stars that form a straight line, which is the head of Scorpio.

Then, based on the arc-shaped chest of Scorpio, about 10 little stars form a fishhook, which is the tail of Scorpio.

Look! This is the representative of the summer constellation, the beautiful Scorpio. Continuing to take Scorpio as the center, on its left, we can find six stars with characteristics very similar to the Big Dipper, that is, the legendary longevity star-Nandou Six Stars.

If we fight the first four of the six stars in the south,

The star is considered as the left pedal of the saddle, and the fifth star is the center point of the saddle. At its lower right, you can find the right pedal of the saddle composed of four stars, which constitutes the connection line of saddle-shaped stars, which is the characteristic of Sagittarius.

In Greek mythology, Sagittarius is a monster with a horse and a head. His wisdom is very high, and he also has the skills of riding horses, medicine, music and prophecy. First of all, let's look at three bright stars, which one is accompanied by two small stars to form a straight line.

Look! Is it in the east of the Milky Way? It is the alpha star (Altair) of Aquila. Altair, also known as Hegu II, has a magnitude of about 0.8. It is a white planet, its mass is about 1.7 times that of the sun, its diameter is about 1.4 times that of the sun, and it is about 16 light years away from the earth.

The little stars on both sides of him are called Hegu-Hegu III. These three stars, like Orion and Scorpio, are often called Samsung in China, while Samsung in Aquila is called Hegu Samsung. Legend has it that the little stars on both sides of Altair are the children of Altair and Weaver Girl. If we use the linear characteristics of these three stars to extend to the whole galaxy, we can find the alpha star (Vega) in Lyra, which is a white star with a magnitude of about 0 and a surface temperature of about 10000 degrees. Spectral analysis belongs to type A (adolescent star), which is about 26 light years away from the Earth.

There are small stars in front of Vega to form a small triangle, which just provides the best way to distinguish the different characteristics of Altair and Vega when we watch the stars.

The story that Cowherd and Weaver Girl meet on Tanabata every year is a well-known folk story. It is said that magpies build a magpie bridge. In fact, this constellation is made up of Cygnus in the sky. Let's find out where he is. We use the imaginary connection of Cowherd and Weaver Girl at 1/2, turn north, and find a third-class star, that is, the head of Cygnus-chariot Luke 7. If he goes to the north, he can find a 4-star, which is the neck of a swan. Further north, you can find a second-class star, which is the posture of the swan-Tianjin Weiyi. If it extends the same distance from the two stars, it is the wing position of the swan across the east and west banks of the Milky Way. Back to Tianjin No.1, you can find the tail alpha star of Cygnus (Tianjin No.4) in the north. It is a white Supergiant star with a magnitude of about 1 and a distance of about 1800 light years from the earth. Look! This is a cross-shaped star, which is the characteristic of Cygnus, also called the Northern Cross.