Who can tell me?

Fan Li: (Date of birth and death to be tested), the word Shao Bo, also known as KATTO, the eldest sons Pi and Tao Zhugong. Chu (present-day Nanyang, Henan) Wansan clan. A famous politician of Yue State in the late Spring and Autumn Period.

Proficient in military strategy, resourceful, worshipped as a doctor. In the third year of Gou Jian's reign (494 BC), Fu Cha, the king of Wu, defeated the Vietnamese army, and Gou Jian joined Wu Weichen with his wife.

He was also held hostage by Wu for two years. After returning home, he assisted Gou Jian in trying to get revenge. After more than ten years' efforts, the country of Yue has finally changed from weak to strong. In the fifteenth year of Gou Jian, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, led a good soldier to join the vassal in Huangchi (southwest of Fengqiu, Henan), leaving the prince and the old and weak to defend the country. At his suggestion, Gou Jian sent troops to attack Wu and Wudu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), killing the king of Wu. In the 24th year of Gou Jian, the Vietnamese army besieged Wudu for three years, and Fu Cha committed suicide. The State of Yue finally annexed the State of Wu.

After the destruction of Wu, he made up his mind to go forward, sailed across the sea to Qi, settled in Tao (now Dingtao County, Shandong Province), and changed his name to Li Yizi Pi, and became rich in business. He believes that when dealing with the enemy, we should make plans according to the changes in the situation. If we are strong, we should guard against arrogance and rashness. If we are weak, we should strive for favorable opportunities and create favorable conditions, so as to turn the weak into the strong. It is also believed that the price change is due to the surplus and shortage of supply and demand, and it is advocated that food should be bought by the government when it is cheap and sold at a low price when it is expensive. His remarks can be found in Mandarin Vietnamese and Historical Records and Biography of Huo Zhi.

Fan Li followed the King of Yue for twenty-two years. He was resourceful, battle-hardened and proficient in diplomacy, which played a vital role in the success of the King of Yue. After the destruction of Wu, he led his troops north and crossed the Huaihe River, forcing Qi Jin to obey Yue. Because of this great contribution, Fan Li was honored as a general.

He won the victory and returned to the capital. He felt that his reputation was too great and he knew the King of Yue very well, so he decided to leave the country. He wrote a letter to the King of Yue, expressing his thoughts. When he met the King of Yue, he said, "I have heard that your master is in trouble and his ministers should share it for him. When you were humiliated in Wu, our courtiers should die for you. I didn't die at that time because I wanted to avenge the Lord. I've got my revenge. It's time for me to pay for my past sins. If the king can forgive me, let me retire. "

Gou Jian said, "I owe my success today to you. I will give you half of the country, and let us enjoy the fruits of this victory together. How can you leave me? "

At that time, Fan Li seemed to hear the prince Fu Cha talking. That's what Fu Cha said to Wu Zixu at that time. Fan Li said, "I am very grateful to God for his mercy of not killing people. How dare I accept other rewards? " Say and then back down, quietly escaped that night.

After coming to Qi, he wrote a letter to his old friend Wen Zhong, which read: "I once heard that a good bow will be put away when a shotgun is fired;" The cunning rabbit is caught, and the hounds will be cooked to eat. The King of Yue has a long neck and a sharp mouth like a bird. I think this gentleman can bear hardships with him, but he can't have fun with him. I advise you to leave early, or it will be a disaster sooner or later! "

Wen Zi received this letter and thought that his old friend was right, so he made himself unable to go to court because he claimed to be ill. A few days later, someone slandered Yue Wang, saying that Wen Zi wanted to rebel because these treacherous people were jealous of his talent and achievements.

Gou Jian also believes that the hegemony of Yue has become a reality, and it is useless to keep Wen Zi, and many things may happen. He pretended to see a doctor and said to him, "I only used three of the seven strategies you taught me to destroy Wu, and you still have four strategies." Where are you going to use them? " Wen Zi said, "I don't know where they can be used." Gou Jian said, "Then go underground and ask Fu Cha if he wants to use your strategy." He gave him a sword to choose by himself. The poor veteran with outstanding achievements died like this.

Fan Li changed his name and surname in Qi, calling himself "Di Zi Yiping" and working as a farmer and businessman by the sea. In this way, he worked hard for several years, gathered a lot of property and became a millionaire.

The people of Qi thought this was a great man, so they elected him as the Prime Minister. He has been doing it for some time, but he still feels uninterested. One night, while walking in the moonlight, he sighed, "I went to Guo Xiang as an official. I earned tens of thousands of property. If I do this, I will be satisfied. " Everything about me has reached its peak, which is not good for me. "So he resigned from his official position, distributed all his wealth to the poor, and quietly disappeared from Qi.

He stopped at a place called Tao, calling himself "Tao Zhugong", and started a business and workshop in this place, and his career is booming. Before long, he had a large fortune, and people called him "Tao Zhugong". Later, people often called Tao Zhugong a rich man.

He also has a young son in Tao Di. When this son grew up, Tao Zhugong's second son killed someone and was imprisoned in Chu. The family was anxious for Fan Stupid to come forward and redeem his son, but Fan Stupid said, "This has been the case since ancient times, and my son is no exception. But I only have one hope, that is, don't let him appear in the street. " So he asked his youngest son to take a lot of money, put it in a bag and put it on an ox cart. Fan Li's youngest son was on his way, and Fan Li's eldest son said he was willing to go instead of his younger brother. Fan Li knew that his eldest son's ability to handle affairs at ordinary times was not strong, and some of them were reluctant to spend money, which made him refuse to go. But his eldest son said, "The eldest son in the family should help his father do the most important things." Now that my brother has broken the law, you won't let me go, but let my brother go. Will others say that I am a bad generation? "Say, took a knife and committed suicide. His mother quickly stopped him and said, "I think I'd better let him go." "Two people have anything to discuss together? If the second son has not been saved, and another eldest son has died, it will not break our hearts. " Fan Li had to agree to his going. Before he left, Fan Li wrote a letter asking his eldest son to give it to his old friend, Mr. Zhuang, and told him, "When you arrive in Chu, give all the gold you brought home to Mr. Zhuang, and let him help you deal with it. Don't argue with others." The eldest son promised everything.

When Fan's eldest son arrived in Chu, it was difficult to find Mr. Zhuang's residence. Originally. He thought that Mr. Zhuang, whom his father made friends with, must be a very rich man, but when he got there, he found that Mr. Zhuang used to live in the country, and his house was very shabby, unlike a house. He crossed a large field and found Mr. Zhuang's home. Fan Li's eldest son came to Mr. Zhuang, gave him the letter and gave Mr. Zhuang all the gold he had brought with him. Mr. Zhuang said, "Your business is over. Please leave here at once and don't stay. Even if you see your brother coming out of prison, don't pay attention to him. " He straightened his head and said goodbye to Mr. Zhuang. But he didn't do what Mr. Zhuang said. He thinks Chu is very interesting here. Besides, his brother hasn't been released. How can he explain it when he goes back? So he hit Chu. During this period, I met some nobles of Chu State. As soon as they heard that he was Fan Li's son. Nature was very enthusiastic about him, so he gave the gold he brought privately to these nobles.

Although Mr. Zhuang looks poor, he has a high prestige in Chu State. His integrity and honesty are well known. Some ministers in the imperial court had to treat him as a teacher. He accepted Fan's gold without even saying a polite word, which made Fan Li's eldest son a little unhappy and thought, "It seems that this old man is also a greedy man."

And Mr. Zhuang doesn't want a penny from him at all. He took gold as a pledge. He'll pay it back when it's done. He and his wife said, "These are Tao Zhugong's gold. If I die in the future and it is too late to return it to him, you must give it to him for me. "

Mr. Zhuang found a suitable time to see the king of Chu. The king of Chu was very happy to see this venerable leek elder, so he asked him for advice on how to govern the country. Mr. Zhuang said: "I heard that there must be benevolent policies in governing the country. Recently, the astrology has been observed to be unfavorable to Chu. Your majesty needs to pay attention. "

King Chu is very superstitious. Seeing what he said, he immediately became nervous and asked him what to do. Mr. Zhuang said: "Only by doing more good things and not doing bad things can we resolve it."

So the king of Chu prepared an Amnesty, and some important ministers of North Korea knew about it, including those who were bribed by Fan Li's eldest son. They found him overnight, told him the situation and assured him that his brother would come out soon.

Fan Li's eldest son was very happy after hearing this: his younger brother was about to be released from prison. Isn't my father worried that I won't do anything? Isn't this my good job? But another thought: "It is the grace of the king that my brother is released from prison." The old man inexplicably received so much gold from me. What happened? "The more he thought about it, the more angry he became, so he went to ask for money.

He found Mr. Zhuang's home. Mr. Zhuang was surprised and asked, "haven't you gone back yet?"

Fan's eldest son said, "I haven't had time to leave yet. I heard that the king wanted an Amnesty, and my brother was released at once. I came to say goodbye to you. "

Mr. Zhuang understood his thoughts and said to him, "Take back the gold you brought."

You're welcome. He went to the back room to get the gold. Walking on the road, he thought, "this time, when I came out, I didn't use gold at all, but I saved my brother." How happy my parents will be when I get home. " I'm so happy to say it out loud alone.

After leaving Fan Jia, Mr. Zhuang felt very timid: "I have lived for so long, and I have been fooled by this junior." He can't swallow this tone. So he went to see the king of Chu again and said to him, "Last time I said that the astrology was bad, your majesty really wanted to do something good to break this bad astrology." This is too much. " But I heard people everywhere outside that Tao Zhugong's children had been killed and imprisoned in our country, and his family paid a large sum of money to bribe our minister of Chu. You know that Tao Zhugong is a very rich man, so people say, "Your Majesty, you didn't pardon the people, but in Tao Zhugong's gold."

The king of Chu was furious: "What does it matter to me that Tao Zhugong is rich again? Is our Chu state short of two pieces of silver? " He ordered the execution of the second son of the Fan family first. Then amnesty will be granted.

Fan, who has always been shrewd, is like a deflated ball at this moment. On the way home, he drove an ox cart and had no soul. Of course, his father gave him a lot of gold, but there was another thing in his car, and that was his brother's body.

When he got home, his mother and neighbors were very sad to see the body of Fan's second son. Only Tao Zhugong did not cry, but smiled. People asked him what he was laughing at, and he said, "I know that if this child leaves, his fraternity will die." It is not that he doesn't love his younger brother, but that he is unwilling to spend money. He was with me when he was a child, and we suffered a lot. He knows the difficulty of making a living, so he lives frugally. As for his little brother, after he was born, he saw that I had money, and I only knew pleasure. Go out and ride a good horse and car, and spend money like water. I let my youngest son go because he is willing to spend money. But the eldest son insisted on going, and on his life, he had to let him go. As soon as he left, I waited for the body of my second son to come back. This is the inevitable result, and there is nothing to be sad about. "

Fan Sui: (BC? ~ 255 years ago), also known as Fan Qi, great-uncle, was a famous politician and strategist in the Warring States Period (now Kaifeng, Henan).

He was falsely accused by JOE and killed by Wei Qi and Wei Xiang. Later renamed Zhang Lu, he was sent to the State of Qin with the help of Ji Wang and Zheng Anping.

He lobbied Zhao Haoqi of Qin State to expel the autocratic Qin Xiang and Wei Ran. In 266 BC, it was named Qin Xiang and Yinghou (now Baofeng, Henan Province). He advocated attacking from afar and attacking from near to annihilate the enemy's main force.

Xiang Dui of the State of Qin said, "Talented warriors from all over the world gathered in the State of Zhao for the purpose of unity and attacked the State of Qin. What should I do? "

Fan Sui said, "Your Majesty, don't worry. Let me settle their relationship. Qin has no enmity with the world's talented warriors! They got together to attack the state of Qin for the sake of wealth. A group of dogs are in one place, lying, standing, walking and stopping, without fighting each other. If you throw a bone, every dog will get up and grab the bone and bite each other. What is the reason? Because of that bone, they all have the intention of fighting each other. "

The king of Qin sent Fan Sui to give a banquet in Wu 'an with five thousand gold. Less than 3000 gold coins were distributed to the people in the alliance, and they began to fight with each other. No more attacks on Qin.

In this way, Fan Sui disintegrated the vertical and horizontal alliances of various countries.

After the battle of Changping, Zhao, the general of the State of Qin, suffered a crushing defeat, and was jealous of his achievements, forcing him to commit suicide. Zheng Anping was recommended as a general and Wang Ji as Hedong Shou. Zheng Anping surrendered to Zhao after failing to besiege Handan. In 255 BC, Wang Ji was sentenced to death for "associating with princes", and Fan Sui returned to Xiangyin due to illness and died soon.

Fan Zeng: (277 ~ 204 BC) was born in Tongcheng, Anhui. A famous minister at the end of Qin Dynasty, the King of Chu.

Fan Zeng was the main counselor of overlord Xiang Yu in the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty (22 BC1~ 206 BC). After the peasant uprising broke out at the end of Qin Dynasty, in the second year of Qin Ershi (208 BC), Fan Zeng took refuge in Xiang Yu's uncle Xiang Liang and persuaded him to be a descendant of Chu Huaiwang, the king of Chu, thus calling on the people all over the world. After Xiang Liang was killed, he followed Xiang Yu and became his important counselor. Later, Xiang Yu was appointed as the "father".

In 206 BC, Fan Zeng followed Xiang Yu into Guanzhong, and advised Xiang Yu to take the opportunity to destroy Liu Bang to avoid future trouble, but it was not adopted. Later, Liu Bang attended the Hongmen banquet. Fan Zeng hinted several times that Xiang Yu got rid of Liu Bang, but Xiang Yu hesitated. Fan Zeng asked Xiang Zhuang to dance the sword and try to assassinate Liu Bang. Because Xiang Bo also came out to dance the sword, the plan to get rid of Liu Bang failed, and finally Liu Bang escaped.

Later, Liu Bang was trapped in Xingyang (now Xingyang, Henan). When Xiang Yu's victory was in sight, I didn't expect Liu Bang to use Chen Ping's deviance to make Fan Zeng doubt Xiang Yu, so he stopped discussing with him. Fan Zeng resigned in a fit of pique and returned to his hometown, but he died halfway.

Without Fan Zeng's assistance, Xiang Yu was finally defeated and committed suicide in Wujiang River.

Fan Dan: (A.D. 1 12 ~ 185) was born in Huangxian County (now Qixian County, Henan Province). A famous scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Fan Dan is Ma Rong's student. Very learned, very decent, don't go with the flow, go against the times and customs, taste Mu Liangluan and Min Zhongshu, and get along well with Gu Li and Wang Huan.

When Emperor Heng of the Han Dynasty made him the head of Laiwu, his mother died, and his filial piety did not arrive. Later, I worked in Taiweifu, knowing that I was impatient and didn't follow the crowd. I often wore a belt around my waist to keep myself alert.

At that time, the autocratic power of officials violated the interests of the big landlords of the Tu nationality, so the aristocratic families joined forces to crack down on the eunuch clique. Later, some people colluded with eunuchs and falsely accused them of "slandering the court." More than 200 people were arrested and released, but they were not allowed to be officials. This is the disaster of the first party occlusion in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Fan Dan, who suffered from partisan strife, fled to the north, pushing his wife with a car, or selling in the countryside, or collecting food in the fields, staying in a small shop at night, or staying in the shade. After more than ten years, he settled in the west of Gupi City and built several thatched houses to live in, which is said to be Fan Danju (Zhuang). There are still highlands. Fan Dan leads a hard life by fishing and farming, and sometimes he has no food at home. There is a folk song that says, "Dust comes from retort and fish comes from kettle." . Nanpi folk proverb: "Poor but Fan Dan, rich but Shi Chong". Ask him to be an official. Leave some beautiful legends about Fan Dan in Nanpi.

Son is a clown, Shi Chong only has a dead treasure (silver), Fan Dan caught a treasure by fishing and was cheated by Shi Chong, and Confucius borrowed food from Fan Dan. "Old County Records" also records that Fan Dan once lived in Nanpi. On the west side of Gupicheng site, there is a mound named Fan Dan Village, which is said to be Fan Dan's home. Posthumous title was "Mr. Chastity" after his death.

Fan Gan: (Date of birth and death to be tested), whose real name is Bo Meng, recruited Qiang people in Runan (now Yancheng, Henan). A famous scholar leader in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

He restrained the strongmen and opposed eunuchs. When he was a teenager, he had the ambition to clarify the world. He is as evil as hatred, and he is honest and upright as an official. When Ren Qing wrote a letter to the county history, corrupt officials fled in succession. When he was the hero Cao Cao in Runan County, he suppressed the strongmen, punished the lawless, made friends with scholars and opposed eunuchs.

Emperor Han Ling ascended the throne, and Dou Taihou went to court, making his father Dou Wu a general and Chen Fan a Qiu. Dou Wu and Fan Chen support the school of celebrities. They recalled Mars and Du Mi, who were imprisoned for life, as officials.

Chen Fan said to Dou Wu, "There is no peace in the world except eunuchs. I'm almost eighty years old. What else do I want? I stay here just to help the general make meritorious service. "

That's what Dou Wu meant. Two people discuss, put forward by Dou Wu to Dou Taihou, demanding the elimination of eunuchs. But Dou Taihou, like Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty, believed in eunuchs and couldn't make up his mind.

Chen Fan also wrote a letter to Dou Taihou, listing the sins of the eunuch Hou Lan, Cao Jie and Wang Fu. Dou Taihou still put the paper aside.

Gal, is to startle. Cao Jie, Wang Fu, attack first. They first robbed the decree from Dou Taihou and put Dou Taihou under house arrest; He announced the rebellion of Dou Wu and Chen Fan in the name of Ling Di, and killed them.

As a result, eunuchs regained power, and people promoted by Dou Wu and Chen Fan were removed from their posts.

Mars and Du Mi were fired and returned to their hometown. Some celebrities and students admire them more and hate eunuchs more. Eunuchs also regard it as a deadly enemy, looking for opportunities to frame it.

Celebrity James Zhang once reported the eunuch Houlan, who was bent on revenge. It happened that the James Zhang family drove away a servant. Hou Lan used his servant to falsely accuse James Zhang of forming a clique with twenty-four fellow villagers, slandering the court and attempting to rebel.

Eunuch Cao Jie seized this opportunity, ordered his confidant to write a letter, requesting Emperor Han Ling to order the arrest of party member again.

Emperor Han Ling is only fourteen years old, and he doesn't know what party member is. He asked Cao Jie, "Why did you kill them? What crime did they commit? "

Cao Jie told the people of communist party how terrible they were, how much they wanted to overthrow the imperial court, and how much they plotted to rebel.

Emperor Han Ling believed them, of course, and soon ordered the arrest of these party member. As soon as the arrest warrant came out, the counties and counties were in an uproar again. Someone got the news and quickly reported it to Mars. Mars said frankly, "When I ran away, I hurt others. Besides, I am 60 years old, let him live and let him die, why run! " He went to prison himself and was tortured to death. Du Mi knew he was going to die, so he committed suicide.

Du You of Runan County was ordered to go to Zheng Qiang (now Yancheng, Henan Province) to capture Fan Pang. When he arrived at the post office in Zheng Qiang, he closed the door and lay in bed crying with the imperial edict. People in the post office heard the crying and didn't know what had happened.

When the news came, Fan Pang said, "I know Du You must have cried because he didn't want to arrest me." He turned himself in to the county. Guo Yi, the county magistrate, is also an upright man. He was startled when he saw Fan Pang coming. He said, "The world is so big that you can't go anywhere. What are you doing here? " He is going to hand over his official seal and elope with Fan Pang.

Fan Pang thanked Guo Yi and said, "No need. When I die, the court may stop arresting party member. How could I implicate you? Besides, my mother is old. If I run away, won't it cause her trouble? "

The magistrate had no choice but to put Fan Pang in prison and send someone to inform Fan Pang's old mother and her son to see Fan Pang.

Mother Fan Yingong came to visit the prison with her grandson. Fan Pang comforted her and said, "My brother will support you after I die. Don't be too sad. " Fan Mu said: "I am satisfied that you can leave a good reputation like Li and Du. You don't have to be sad. "

Fan Pang listened to his mother kneeling on the ground, turned to his son and said, "I want you to do bad things, but bad things should not be done after all;" I want to ask you to do something good. I have never done anything bad in my life, but I ended up like this. " The person next to him couldn't help crying.

More than one hundred people were killed like Mars and Fan Pang; There are six or seven hundred people in the country who are famous or have some enemies with eunuchs. They were all falsely accused by eunuchs as party member and arrested. They were either killed, exiled or at least imprisoned for life.

Only James Zhang, the opponent of the eunuch Houlan, escaped the government's raids. He is hiding everywhere, and many people are willing to risk their lives to take him in. When the government got the news that he was going to be arrested, he hid elsewhere. As a result, all the families who took him in were in trouble, ranging from imprisonment to murder, and even the whole county was devastated.

After these two times of "fighting against differences with the same party", the upright officials in the Dahan imperial court suffered a heavy blow, and almost all the positions were occupied by eunuchs and their disciples.

Fan Wei: (Date of birth and death to be tested), Chang Yan, Yangshun, Nanyang. Famous officials in the western Jin dynasty

When I was a teenager, I studied in Qinghe, so I moved abroad to live. The county magistrate appointed him as a five-product official and served as a county magistrate in Hanoi. The prefect Pei Jie has heard his name for a long time and recommended him as a counselor. When he was transferred to Shanggu Prefecture, he suffered a funeral and didn't take office. Later, he made a long history of Stuart Zuo and transferred Feng Yi to be the magistrate. He has made great achievements and is good at appeasing the people, who like him very much. To worship Shaofu, and served as Liangzhou secretariat, transferred to Yongzheng secretariat. At that time, the land in the west was destroyed, ethnic minorities often invaded, crops in fields and mulberry fields failed, and the people were in trouble. Fan Wei devoted himself to education and guidance, urging people in agriculture and mulberry areas to rely on him.

In the middle of Jin Yuankang, General Zuo was blocked and died in his official position. He has two sons: Fan Guang and Fan Zhi.

Fan Guang: (the year of birth and death is to be tested), the word Zhong Jiang, a native of Yang Shun in Nanyang (now the inner town of Henan) in the Western Jin Dynasty, is the son of Fan Fang.

Was promoted to Lian Xiao, was appointed as Ling Shouling, and did not take office. Her sister married Sun Shi and died young. She has a grandson named Mai. Fan Guang has been raising him and taking him south. Even though thieves were everywhere, he never abandoned him. Yuan Di promised to make a Tang Yi order for him. Xiancheng Liu Rong broke the law when he died, and the county magistrate asked Liu Rong to return to his original place to serve his sentence. Liu Rong is from this county. He has an old mother at home, so he is honest. Fan Guang often lets him go home to visit his mother, and Liu Rong will return as scheduled. The county government was burned by wildfire, and Liu Rong took off his criminal equipment to put out the fire. After that, he put on his criminal equipment again. Later, when there was a drought and rice was expensive, Fan Guang distributed private food to help the people, which cost thousands of people. People from far and near came to see him, and the local account number increased tenfold. Died in office.

Fan Ju: (Date of birth and death to be tested), Yang Shunren, son of Fan Fang, Nanyang (now the inner city of Henan) in the Western Jin Dynasty.

Fan Ju was famous since he was a child. He was enlisted as a general and died young. There is a son named Wang Fan who has no biography (see below).

Wang Fan: (Date of birth and death to be tested), whose name is Xuanping, also known as Fan Dongyang, Fan Weishun and Fan. Yang Shunren, Nanyang (now Henan Neixiang). Famous medical scientist in Eastern Jin Dynasty.

He used to be the magistrate of Dongyang. Daxing school in the county has many advantages. Living in Wudu in his later years. Good medical skills are often to save shirts. Anyone who is sick, regardless of grade, is treated and cured every time. Fan Wangfang (also known as Fan Dongyang Fang and Fan Dongyang Miscellaneous Fang) 170 volumes has been lost. His lost articles can be found in Secret Stories of Foreign Taiwan Province, Medicine Heart Prescription, etc. This book was a successful medical prescription for the research and treatment of typhoid fever before the Tang Dynasty, and it also had a certain level in surgical treatment, and collected folk prescriptions at that time, so Tao Hongjing said that his book "can be used in detail and achieved much."

Fan Ning: (year of birth and death to be tested), Yang Shunren, Nanyang (now Xichuan, Henan). Famous Confucian scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

The twelve volumes of Gu Liangzhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period are the earliest annotations of Gu Liangzhuan.

Ye Fan: (date of birth and death to be determined), Zong Wei, Yang Shunren, Nanyang (now the inner city of Henan). A famous historian in Liu and Song Dynasties in Southern Dynasties.

Born into a bureaucratic family. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty is exquisite, concise and fluent, and has high literary value. He is both a historian and a writer. Teenagers in Ming Dynasty read widely, dabbled in classics and history, were good at writing articles, were familiar with music, and could write beautiful official script. He is a versatile teenager. At the age of seventeen, he embarked on a career. Successive secretaries Cheng, Sima, Xin Cai Taishou, and Shang Shulang of the official department. After the death of Taifei, the mother of Liu Yikang, the king of Pengcheng, she was demoted as Taifu of Xuancheng for drinking and having fun. Later, he served as the magistrate of Xia Nan County and Prince James. The Book of the Later Han Dynasty, written with painstaking efforts by Ye Fan, covers the masterpieces with a history of nearly 200 years from Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty to Emperor Xiandi of Han Dynasty.

Fan Zhen: (Date of birth and death to be tested), Nanxiang (now Biyang, Henan) danced Yin people. A famous philosopher and atheist during the Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties.

The author of "The Extinction of Immortals" was once tempted to change his point of view by promotion, but he did not "sell the theory to get an official".

Fan Yun: (AD 45 1 ~ 503), born in Wuyang, Nanxiang (now Biyang, Henan). A famous poet at the time of Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties.

Fan Yun is one of the "Eight Friends of Jingling" under the purple curtain of Wang Xiaoliang in the Southern Qi Dynasty. In the 10th year of Qi Yongming (AD 492), Xiao Chen and his envoys went to the Northern Wei Dynasty and were praised by Emperor Xiaowen of Wei. From the Northern Wei Dynasty to the later Dynasty, he was promoted to Lingling civil history, and then to Shixing civil history and Guangzhou secretariat history, all of which had political achievements. Xiao Yan took Qi's place, and Fan Yun was appointed as a servant. He changed from riding a regular servant and an official to shooting a right servant, so he can keep his word and make suggestions. Posthumous title Wen died at the age of 52.

Fan Yun was one of the literary leaders at that time. He got on well with, Xie, etc., and also had contacts with He Xun. When he was eight years old, he could write poems. A little longer, he wrote well, thought quickly and was suspicious. Selected Works recorded three five-character poems, such as A Gift to Zhang Xuzhou, A Gift to Wang Zhongshu and Xiao Gu. "Poetry" listed it as a domestic product and evaluated it as "clear and easy to turn, like wind returning to snow". Some good sentences in his poems, such as "the grass is low and the golden city is foggy, and the Yumen wind is under the tree" and "the trees are floating far away from the river, and the smoke rises at sunset." The rivers and the sky blend together and the smoke trees are similar. " "I hate that my face is old and my heart is burning." A few moonlit nights, flying dreams to Langbian "and so on. , clean style, you can already see the prelude to Tang Yin.

Liang Shu? Fan Yunchuan has thirty volumes. Up to now, there are more than 30 articles, which are included in the poems of Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties compiled by modern people.

Fan: (year of birth and death to be tested), born in Hanoi (now Wuzhi, Henan). Famous ministers and historians in Tang Dynasty.

A household name in Tang Gaozong, after Wu Zetian came to power, she became prime minister and presided over the compilation of the national history of the Tang Dynasty.

Fan Zhongyan: (989 ~ 1052), born in Wuxian County, Suzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), is a descendant of Fan, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty. A famous politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Fan Zhongyan's great-grandfather Fan Mengling was a judge of Wu Huguo Festival (Judge Qian of Suzhou), and his grandfather Fan Zanshi was the secretary supervisor of Wu Yueguo. His father, who worked in the Yueshogunate, later joined the money of the Song Dynasty. In the early years of Song Duangong (AD 988), he went to Xuzhou as the secretary of Wuning Army (the secretary of Xuzhou Military System).

Fan Zhongyan was born in Xuzhou on August 2nd, the second year of Song Duangong (AD 989). The following year (AD 990), when his father died, the Fan family lost their source of livelihood. Fan Zhongyan's mother, Xie, was poor and helpless, so she had to take Fan Zhongyan as an infant and remarry to a family named Zhu in Shanxian County, Shandong Province. From then on, Fan Zhongyan changed his surname to Zhu Shuo and grew up in Zhujiajian Island.

Fan Zhongyan studied hard since he was a child. Zhujiajian Island is a rich man in Changshan. However, in order to motivate himself, at the age of 21, he went to the nearby Liquan Temple in Changbai Mountain to study alone. He often studies hard with a lamp. Every time he goes to the East, when the monks get up, he lies down in his clothes. At that time, his life was extremely difficult. He only cooks a pot of thick porridge every day. When it was cold, he divided it into four pieces, two in the morning and two in the evening, mixed with a little leek powder and a little salt, and it was a meal. But he didn't mind this poor life at all, and spent all his energy looking for knowledge in books.

Fan Zhongyan didn't like the extravagance and waste of the Zhujiajian brothers and persuaded them many times. Unexpectedly, the Zhujiajian brothers were impatient and once blurted out: "What's it to you?" Fan Zhongyan felt that there was something in his words and asked why. Someone told him: You are the son of Gu Sufan, and your mother brought you to the Zhujiajian. Fan Zhongyan was deeply stimulated and shaken by this incident and made up his mind to live independently from Zhujiajia. So he hastily packed some simple clothes, put a piano and sword on his back, said goodbye to his mother in tears despite the obstruction of his stepfather and mother, and left Changshan alone to study in Nanjing. Many things happen. Fan Zhongyan studied hard for five years and finally became a man who was proficient in Confucian classics, knowledgeable and good at poetry.

Fan Zhongyan passed the imperial examination and was admitted to the imperial examination in the eighth year of the Song Dynasty (AD 10 15). Ren Guangdejun (now Anhui Guangde) manager, joined the army. At this time, he took his mother to support and serve. In A.D. 10 17, he was transferred to Qing Ji Army (now Haozhou, Anhui Province) for promotion, and only then did he restore the original Fan Shi, renamed Zhong You.

After Fan Zhongyan became an official, he was diligent and honest, and made remarkable achievements no matter where he worked in the DPRK or where. In the capital, there is a reputation that "the imperial court does not worry about Fan Jun, and the capital does not worry about Greece". When he was supervising salt in Xixi Town, Taizhou, he built dikes and embankments for hundreds of miles, which was called "Gong Fan Dike" in history. When visiting the disaster areas in Jianghuai and JD.COM, we will open warehouses to help the victims and reduce taxes. During the Song and Xia Wars, he served as commander-in-chief in Shaanxi, actively reforming the military establishment, improving the combat effectiveness of the army, building cities and villages, reclaiming farmland and accumulating valleys, and consolidating border defense. Xixia people call it "tens of thousands of soldiers in the chest."

In the year of Song San (A.D. 1043), Fan Zhongyan participated in the discussion of state affairs and promoted the New Deal. After the failure of Li Qing's five-year New Deal, he was disqualified from participating in politics. He has worked in (now Binxian, Shaanxi), Deng (now Dengxian, Henan) and Hangzhou (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).

Fan Zhongyan's literary achievements are no less than his political achievements. In his famous prose "The Story of Yueyang Tower", it is a famous sentence handed down from generation to generation that "the world is worried first, and the world is happy later". His ci can break through the gorgeous atmosphere of five pronouns in the late Tang Dynasty. The works collected by later generations include Fan Wenzheng and Gong Ji, but there are only five words.

He wrote the famous New Deal program "Ten Things to Answer" and put forward ten reform suggestions. Its main contents are:

(1) Yu Ming, that is, the strict official lifting system. At that time, the promotion officials did not ask how to rest and relax, nor did they look at the quality of their political achievements, but only their qualifications. Therefore, officials do not seek merit, but seek nothing, so they follow the trend and do nothing. Fan Zhongyan proposed to assess political achievements, promote people who have made significant contributions and obvious political achievements, and replace guilty and incompetent officials.

(2) to suppress luck, that is, to limit the luck of being an official and the way of promotion. At that time, senior officials recommended their children to be officials in Beijing every year. Twenty years later, 20 people from a brother and grandson's family served as Beijing officials. Entering the imperial court one after another in this way not only increased the state expenditure, but also these dude boys did not do their proper work, only knew how to cover up each other, form gangs and seek personal gain. For the sake of national political clarity and reducing financial expenditure, the privileges of senior officials should be restricted and their children should not be allowed to hold important positions in hotels.

③ Fine tribute, that is, strict tribute system. In order to cultivate people with real talent and practical learning, we must first reform the discipline.