This paper discusses the achievements and development significance of China's space technology.

Space technology has been widely used and achieved remarkable results.

Over the past 50 years, various artificial earth satellites and manned spacecraft in China have been widely used in economic construction, scientific and technological development, national defense construction and social progress, and have played an important role in enhancing the country's economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength and national cohesion.

The recoverable remote sensing satellite is a kind of remote sensing satellite mainly used for the national census. So far, 22 satellites have been launched and recovered, and a large number of valuable space remote sensing data have been obtained. These data meet the needs of national defense construction, and are widely used in urban and rural planning, geological exploration, forest survey, oil exploitation, port construction, coastal survey, map mapping, railway line selection and archaeological research, and have achieved fruitful results.

"Dongfanghong-3" communication and broadcasting satellite has been incorporated into China satellite communication and broadcasting service system, which has promoted the rapid development and business application of high and new technologies such as satellite communication, satellite broadcasting and satellite education. The development and application of satellite radio and television services have greatly improved the effective coverage and quality of national radio and television, especially in rural areas; The broadband network of satellite distance education and satellite telemedicine network have begun to take shape, which strongly supports the development of distance education and telemedicine.

Fengyun-1 and Fengyun-2 meteorological satellites have been put into operational application, and initially realized the operation and serialization. They have played an important role in weather forecasting, climate forecasting, meteorological research, natural disasters and ecological environment monitoring, especially improving the timeliness and accuracy of disastrous weather forecasting and greatly reducing the losses of the country and people.

The successful launch and operation of "Resource 1" and "Resource 2" Earth resources satellites have created a new situation in the application of satellite remote sensing in China. Resource satellites have been widely used in agriculture, forestry, geology, water conservancy, geology and mineral resources, environmental protection, land and resources investigation, urban planning, disaster monitoring and many other fields, and have become an important information source for many resource and environment business monitoring systems in China.

"Ocean No.1" satellite is the first experimental operational satellite used for ocean color detection in China, which mainly provides important information services for the development and utilization of marine living resources, coastal ocean engineering, estuary and harbor management, marine environmental monitoring and environmental protection. Its successful operation indicates that China has entered the ranks of advanced countries in the field of ocean satellite remote sensing.

Beidou navigation satellite laid the foundation for the establishment of the first generation satellite navigation and positioning system in China-Beidou navigation system, which is a regional navigation system that provides satellite navigation information all day. It provides high-precision positioning, timing and short message communication services for special industries such as highway transportation, railway transportation, offshore operation, forest fire prevention and disaster prediction, showing broad application prospects. China is the third country in the world to establish its own satellite navigation system.

The implementation of various aerospace projects in China has not only produced remarkable economic and social benefits from the direct and indirect application of various satellites and spacecraft, but also promoted the overall leap of related disciplines and technologies, promoted the formation and development of a number of emerging industries, and accelerated the scientific and technological progress of the whole society, which is of great significance to promoting the economic and social development of China.

Future Prospect of China's Space Technology

5438+065438+In June 2000, the government of China published the white paper "Space in China", which publicly introduced the short-term and long-term development goals of China's space industry at home and abroad for the first time; On June 5438+ 10, 2006, the government of China published the White Paper "China's Space Flight in 2006" again, announcing the development goals and main tasks of China's space flight at home and abroad in the coming period. In June 2006 and March 2006, the Government of China successively promulgated the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan (2006-2020) and the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, which listed space technology as one of the important technical fields of national priority development. In order to implement these two plans, the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense has formulated the 11th Five-Year Plan for Space Development, which will accelerate the development of the space industry to meet the growing national demand.

During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the development goals and main tasks of China's satellite technology are: to develop and launch a new generation of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary-orbiting meteorological satellites, marine color satellites and marine dynamic environment satellites, China-Brazil earth resources satellites and high-resolution stereo mapping satellites; A small satellite constellation for environmental and disaster monitoring and prediction has been initially established; Start the implementation of the high-resolution Earth observation system project, and initially form a long-term and stable satellite Earth observation system; Develop long-life, high-reliability, large-capacity geostationary orbit communication satellites and TV direct broadcast satellites, and establish a relatively complete satellite communication and broadcasting system; Improve China Beidou navigation test system, develop new navigation and positioning satellites, and gradually establish China satellite navigation and positioning system; Develop scientific satellites such as space telescopes and new recoverable scientific satellites, and carry out space scientific observations and experiments; Develop and launch new technology test satellites, and strengthen the space flight verification of new technologies, new equipment, new materials and new applications.

During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the development goals and main tasks of China's manned spaceflight are: to break through the important technologies of astronauts' extravehicular activities and spacecraft rendezvous and docking, to develop a space laboratory with a certain application scale, which can be used for short-term manned and long-term autonomous flight in orbit, and to carry out the follow-up work of manned spaceflight project.

During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the development goals and main tasks of deep space exploration in China are: focusing on the implementation of the first phase of lunar exploration project, realizing lunar exploration, launching China's first lunar exploration satellite, carrying out global, comprehensive and comprehensive exploration of lunar resources and lunar surface distribution, and carrying out environmental exploration on the earth and the moon. At the same time, the second and third phase of the project demonstration will be carried out in depth, and the project development will be started in due course.

China has established the strategic goal of entering the ranks of innovative countries and building a well-off society in an all-round way in the first two decades of this century, and China's space technology has also ushered in new development opportunities. In the next five years, various departments of the country will put forward more demands for satellites, and put forward higher requirements for satellite technical performance, quality, variety and development cycle; To achieve a major breakthrough and new leap in manned space flight and deep space exploration, the task of space technology is unprecedented and faces new and enormous challenges. We should unswervingly take the spirit of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China as the guide, implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, vigorously carry forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" and manned space flight, seize new development opportunities, promote the sound and rapid development of China's space industry and make greater contributions to the country.